| Color code and Abbreviations |
Queens from one strain, but mated by drones from another strain . Their population and daughters (and drones of them) are F1 crossed. |
| Queen and Drones have the same ancestors: combination to increase or stabilize some characteristics |
| Queen and Drones are Aunt-Nephews : that would correspond by us to a Sister-Brothers crossing. |
| Queen and Drones, Aunt-Nephews, are F1 this is a real Mendelian F1 cross. |
| Queen and Drones result of a cross between two different lines : interesting to increase their resistance and qualities. |
| Breeders |
| MKK : | Pierre de Koning (NL) |
| MKN : | Foundation Buckfast Marken (NL) |
| NE : | Eugen Neuhauser (AT) |
| PJ : | Paul Jungels (LU) |
| TK : | Thomas Kodym (AT) |
|
| Races — Do use them |
| B: | buckfast |
| M: | monticola - East-African Mountains |
| S: | sahariensis |
|
| Importation mode |
| imq : | Laying queen imported |
| itq : | Tested queen imported |
| Mating Places, etc |
| ins : | Instrumental insemination |
| intk : | Instrumental insemination (AT) |
| mrk : | Marken peninsula (NL) |
| val : | Valors mountain (AT) |
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