| Color code and Abbreviations |
Queens from one strain, but mated by drones from another strain . Their population and daughters (and drones of them) are F1 crossed. |
| Queen and Drones have the same ancestors: combination to increase or stabilize some characteristics |
| Queen and Drones, Aunt-Nephews, are F1 this is a real Mendelian F1 cross. |
| Queen and Drones result of a cross between two different lines : interesting to increase their resistance and qualities. |
| Breeders |
| AM : | Teeltstation Insel Ameland (NL) |
| CS : | Christian Salau (DE) |
| PJ : | Paul Jungels (LU) |
| PN : | Horst Preissl & Johannes Neuburger (AT) |
| TR : | Thomas Rueppel (DE) |
| UG : | Ulv Gröhn (SE) |
|
| Races — Do use them |
| A: | anatolica |
| B: | buckfast |
| D: | cecropia macedonica |
| I: | meda (Iranian) |
| Li: | ligurica |
| MG: | Margret's hive No 5 |
| NO: | N°62 |
|
| Importation mode |
| imq : | Laying queen imported |
| Mating Places, etc |
| aml : | Ameland island (NL – Friesland) |
| bal : | Baltrum island (DE) |
| hbpn : | Preissl–Neuburger mountain (AT) |
| ins : | Instrumental insemination |
| lthl : | Lautenthal (Harz, DE) |
| mrk : | Marken peninsula (NL) |
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